【英语语法】被动语态的几种特殊用法
【英语语法】被动语态的几种特殊用法，珠海IBS英语学校编辑和大家分享被动语态的几种特殊用法，请阅读下文。
1. 被动语态的不同时态被动语态由"be +过去分词"构成，其中的助动词be 根据情况可使用各种不同时态。如：
She is respected by everyone.她受到大家的尊重。（一般现在时)
The book will be reprinted soon.这本书很快会重印。（一般将来时）
The road is being repaired.路正在修整。（现在进行吋）
They have been given a warning.他们受到警告。(现在完成时间)
2. 带情态动词的被动语态该结构的基本形式为"情态动词+be(或be的适当形式）+过去分词"。这类结构非常有可能作为语境题出现在考卷中。如：
The rules must be obeyed.这些规章制度必须遵守。
They shouldn't have been told about it.
这事是不应当告诉他们的。
3.非谓语动词的被动语态
(1)不定式一般式的被动语态。由"to be +过去分词"构成She asked to be given some work to do.如：
She asked to be given some work to do。
她要求给她一些工作做。
He was the last person to be asked to speak.
他是最后被邀请发言的人。
(2)不定式完成式的被动语态。由"to have been +过去分词"构成。如：
I should like to have been told the result earlier.
我本想让人把结果早点告诉我的。
(3)现在分词一般式的被动语态。由"being +过去分词"抅成。如：
I saw him being taken away.我看见有人把他带走了 。
Being protected by a wall' he felt quite safe. 有墙作保护，他感到很安全。
(4)现在分词完成式的被动语态。由"having been +过去分词"构成。Having been invited to speak ，I'll start making preparations tomorrow.
因为邀请我去讲话，我明天就得做准备。
The subject having been opened ,he had to go on with it.
话题已经开始了，她不得不谈下去。
(5)动名词一般式的被动语态。由"being +过去分词"构成。如： She likes being looked at.她喜欢被人瞧。
He hates being made a fool of.他讨厌被別人愚弄。
This question is far from being settled.这个问题远没解決。
(6)动名词完成式的被动语态。由"having been +过去分词"抅成。如： Jenny 's not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret.
杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。
After having been instructed to drive out of town， I began to acquire confidence. 在接到把车开出城的指令后，我开始信心十足了。
The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。
【注】过去分词没有被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动意义。如：
The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。
4. "get +过去分词"构成的被动语态英语被动语态通常由"助动词be +过去分词"抅成，有时也可由"get +过去分词"抅成。如：
James got beaten last night.麿姆斯咋晚被打了 。
How did that window get opened?那个窗户是如何打开的？
但总的说来，用get构成的被动语态不如用be构成的被动语态常见，尤其是在含有施动者的by短语吋，用get构成被动语态更是少见。不过有时用be +过去分词构成被动语态造成误解时，人们可能会选get +过去分词来避免这种误解：
The window was broken.窗户破了。(表状态)
The window got broken.窗户被打破了。(表动作)
5.两类型被动句型的相互转换 英语中有一种主动句可以转换成两种被动句型，它们通常是一些表示客观说明的句子。如：
People believed that she is honest.大家相信她是诚实的。
It 's believed that she is honest.大家相信她是诚实的。
She is believed to be honest.大家相信她是诚实的。
比较上面两类被动句型可以发现，一类是"it + be +过去分词+ that从句"，另一类则是"主语+ be +过去分词+不定式"（其中的"主语"为前一类句型中that从句中的主语)，通常可用于这两类被动句型的动词有assume， believe, expect, fear, feel, know, presume, report, say, suppose, think, understand等。比较(同时注意其中时态和动词形式的变化）：
It ' s known that he was a good singer. / He is known to have been a good singer.
大家知道他曾是位优秀的歌手。
It 's reported that he was driving fast. / He is reported to have been driving fast.
据说他当时车开得很快。
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